Meningococcal bacteria can be transmitted through the respiratory tract, and the risk of infection increases when individuals share eating utensils or engage in activities like kissing. These bacteria have caused scattered diseases in Vietnam since the beginning of the year. In May, a 22-year-old male patient from Son Tay was hospitalized due to a consciousness disorder. In early June, a family of 6 people in Bac Kan had two cases of meningococcal meningitis, resulting in two deaths and two others undergoing treatment.
Doctor Nguyen Le Nga, Medical Manager at the VNVC Vaccination System, stated that meningococcal bacteria can infect people of all ages, with children under 5 years old, adolescents aged 14-20 years, and immunocompromised individuals being at the highest risk. Behaviors such as sharing eating utensils, kissing, secondhand smoking, and living in crowded places can contribute to the faster spread of these bacteria.
Sharing eating utensils, such as spoons, chopsticks, glasses, and cups, can lead to the transmission of meningococcal bacteria through saliva. Similarly, kissing can also increase the risk of infection by coming into contact with secretions and saliva containing pathogens. Secondhand smoking weakens the body’s defense functions, making it easier for pathogens to enter and cause infection. Living in crowded places can provide ideal conditions for the bacteria to spread through the respiratory tract.
Individuals with underlying medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or immune disorders, are also at an increased risk of meningococcal infection. To prevent the disease, it is essential to avoid risky behaviors, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and follow proper medical treatment for underlying conditions. Regular vaccination against meningococcal bacteria is also recommended to effectively prevent the disease and protect both individuals and the community.