The intervertebral disc is a cushion located between the vertebrae that helps absorb shock for the spine during movement. However, injuries and natural aging can cause the discs to become damaged, thinner, and less elastic over time. This can lead to pain and limited motor function as the vertebrae rub against each other and put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves in the spinal canal.
While pain and difficulty moving may discourage patients from exercising, physical activity is actually an important part of disc herniation treatment. Exercise can help reduce pain and improve mobility. However, certain sports like jogging, gym workouts, football, basketball, and tennis may exacerbate symptoms by placing additional stress on the intervertebral discs.
Instead, patients with disc herniation should opt for low-impact activities like swimming, yoga, and pull-ups. Swimming provides a gravity-free environment for the body, allowing the intervertebral disc to rest, while yoga stretches muscles and increases flexibility. No matter the sport, it is important to warm up properly, exercise at moderate intensity, stop if pain or fatigue occurs, wear appropriate clothing and shoes, and stay hydrated during physical activity.