Despite the efforts made by the Biden administration to achieve a ceasefire proposal in Gaza, many observers and experts believe that it remains challenging to accomplish. The dispute over the three-stage deal revolves around Hamas wanting a permanent ceasefire from the start and the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Gaza before releasing most of the hostages. Israel, on the other hand, is willing to negotiate a permanent truce only after dismantling Hamas’ military and governance capabilities.
Former Deputy Chairman of the Israeli National Security Council, Shaul Shai, mentioned that Hamas wants Israel to withdraw and bring an end to the war while Hamas continues to rule Gaza. Although Israel seemed closer to ending the war with its ground operation in Rafah, Hamas showed flexibility by reappearing in central Gaza. Hamas is determined to maintain its role even after the war ends, as it wants to continue ruling Gaza while displaying military strength.
Hamas has demanded that Russia, China, and Turkey act as guarantors and signatories to the ceasefire, which Israel is unlikely to accept. The proposed plan includes immediate and temporary ceasefire, followed by a permanent end to the war and the reconstruction of Gaza. The plan also involves the release of remaining prisoners in Gaza in exchange for the release of Palestinians from Israeli prisons.
The proposal has been through various modifications and counters as Israel and Hamas try to reach an agreement. The Biden administration is working with mediators to bridge the gaps between the two sides. However, achieving a ceasefire appears more difficult than ever with both sides holding on to their maximum demands. President Biden acknowledged the challenges but expressed hope for progress in ending the war.