The creator of Prime Minister Modi’s controversial Hindu nationalist agenda

A young biochemistry student named Amit Shah struck up a close friendship with politician Narendra Modi in the late 80s. Both met at an RSS school, a Hindu nationalist organization that laid the foundations of the conservative BJP, rising almost simultaneously in Gujarat. Modi became the state’s governor and appointed Shah as interior minister, paving the way for both to become the most powerful men in the country at the national level.

Shah, often described as the architect of Modi’s Hindu ultranationalism, secured victories in parliamentary elections and likely maintained his influential role alongside Modi. Despite criticism for controversial policies, such as the deportation of Rohingya refugees and passing exclusionary citizenship laws, Shah’s reputation was marred by a darker past.

Nearly two decades ago, Shah was accused of orchestrating the murder of a Muslim couple in Gujarat, with evidence suggesting police officers acted under his orders. After spending time in prison and facing allegations of kidnapping, extortion, and murder, charges were eventually dropped amid claims of a political conspiracy. In 2014, Shah assumed a leadership position within the BJP, serving as Home Minister and Modi’s right-hand man.

Hailing from a wealthy upper-caste family in Gujarat, Shah’s wealth and influence have grown substantially over the years, sparking speculation about his future political trajectory. Expected to continue serving as minister for another term under Modi’s leadership, Shah remains a pivotal figure in Indian politics, with some positioning him as a potential successor to Modi down the line.