South America is considered to have the highest biodiversity on Earth due to its perfect combination of temperature and geography. Scientists estimate that there are millions of animal species in South America, with unique ecosystems like the Amazon rainforest and the Andes Mountains contributing to this diversity. With advancements in technology and the help of citizen science, researchers have been able to map the distribution of species on the continent.
The concept of biodiversity hotspots, coined by scientist Norman Myers, highlights regions with an unusually high number of animals relative to their land area. The warm and wet climate near the equator supports a rich variety of plants, which in turn sustains other organisms. Factors like temperature, humidity, and diverse environments also play a role in promoting biodiversity in South America.
Unfortunately, threats like deforestation, mercury mining, and climate change are putting South America’s animals at risk. Conservation efforts are needed to protect the continent’s vibrant biodiversity. Some content:
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