Planetary science missions utilizing small spacecraft will need to execute complex propulsive maneuvers in order to achieve goals such as planetary escape velocities and orbit capture. These maneuvers require a high velocity change capability, known as delta-v, which far exceeds typical commercial needs and current technological capabilities. As a result, the key technology required for these missions is an electric propulsion system that can perform these high-delta-v maneuvers.
The electric propulsion system must be able to operate efficiently using low power (sub-kilowatt) while also having a high-propellant throughput. This allows the propulsion system to use a large total mass of propellant over its lifetime, enabling the thrust needed to execute the challenging maneuvers required for planetary science missions using small spacecraft.