Kidney stones are a common urinary disease caused by the deposition and crystallization of minerals in urine. Studies have shown that 1-13% of the world’s population has kidney stones, and in Vietnam, about 2-12% of the population is affected, with 40% of these cases being kidney stones.
Treatment options for kidney stones depend on factors like size, location, and complexity. Small stones can often be treated with medication and increased water intake to help dissolve and pass them through urine. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) uses shock waves to break up stones, while percutaneous endoscopic lithotripsy (PCNL) involves using a laser to crush and remove stones. Endoscopic retrograde lithotripsy (URS) is another method that involves inserting a device through the urinary system to remove stones.
Open surgery is a less common treatment option for more complex cases of kidney stones. It involves making an incision to access the kidney and remove the stones. However, this method is invasive and has higher risks of complications compared to other treatments.
After treatment, patients need to make lifestyle changes, such as drinking plenty of water, limiting certain foods, and staying active to prevent the recurrence of kidney stones. Regular check-ups are also recommended to monitor for any new stones or complications.
Symptoms of kidney stones include severe back pain, blood in urine, recurrent infections, and fever. Patients should seek prompt medical attention to prevent complications like kidney infection or impaired kidney function. Overall, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help manage kidney stones and prevent future issues.