Dehydration is a major risk in hot weather like in Sharv, as our bodies can lose a significant amount of fluids which make up most of our body. The body tries to regulate its temperature and cool down, but the sensation of thirst is often delayed until dehydration has already begun, leading to potentially life-threatening situations. Mild dehydration can cause thirst, loss of appetite, dry skin, and decreased physical ability. Moderate dehydration can result in darker urine, fatigue, dry mouth, headaches, and dizziness. Severe dehydration, with a loss of 5% or more of body fluids, can lead to rapid breathing and heart rate, drop in blood pressure, drowsiness, fainting, muscle contractions, and loss of consciousness. A 15% loss in fluids is usually fatal.
Dehydration can also disrupt the balance of salts in the body and affect kidney function, leading to irreversible damage in severe cases. It also decreases blood pressure, reducing blood flow to vital organs like the brain, kidneys, and liver. In extreme heat, damage to proteins in the body can occur, causing harm to cells and tissues. The sun not only brings intense heat but also harmful radiation that can damage the skin and eyes, leading to conditions like sunburn, cataracts, and skin cancer.
As temperatures rise, it is crucial to take precautions to prevent dehydration and heat-related illnesses. Drinking plenty of water, avoiding direct sunlight for long periods, and keeping an eye on vulnerable groups like babies and older family members is important. If someone shows signs of heat stroke or dehydration, cooling them down, moving them to a shaded area, and calling emergency services are necessary steps. It is also essential to protect the skin from sun exposure by applying sunscreen correctly, avoiding peak sun hours, and getting regular skin checks by a dermatologist.